Which type of hormone therapy is commonly used for managing menopausal symptoms?

The choice of estrogen, with or without progesterone, for managing menopausal symptoms is grounded in the hormonal changes that occur during this life stage. As women transition into menopause, the ovaries significantly reduce the production of estrogen and progesterone, leading to various symptoms including hot flashes, night sweats, mood fluctuations, and vaginal dryness.

Estrogen replacement therapy is effective in alleviating these symptoms because it directly addresses the deficiency of estrogen in the body. For women who still have their uterus, progesterone is added to prevent endometrial hyperplasia, which can occur due to unopposed estrogen therapy. This combination is known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and can significantly improve quality of life during menopause.

Other options, such as progesterone only, testosterone therapy, and oral contraceptives, do not specifically cater to the needs of managing menopausal symptoms as estrogen does. Progesterone alone may not adequately address the vasomotor symptoms of menopause, and testosterone therapy is not standard treatment for menopausal symptoms. Oral contraceptives are primarily used for preventing pregnancy and may not provide sufficient relief for menopausal symptoms as they contain a different balance of hormones designed for reproductive health, rather than addressing the specific hormonal deficiencies associated with menopause