Which hormone is primarily responsible for the stimulation of ovulation?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a critical role in the reproductive system, particularly in the menstrual cycle and ovulation. During the mid-cycle surge, a rapid increase in LH levels triggers the process of ovulation, leading to the release of a mature egg from the ovarian follicle. This surge typically occurs around day 14 of a standard 28-day menstrual cycle and is a key event that facilitates fertility.

The process is part of a complex interplay of hormones throughout the menstrual cycle. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) helps in the maturation of ovarian follicles, but it is the surge in LH that directly initiates ovulation. Although estrogen is involved in preparing the uterine lining and is essential for various stages of the cycle, it does not directly trigger ovulation. Insulin is more related to metabolic processes rather than hormonal regulation of ovulation. Thus, luteinizing hormone is specifically noted for its crucial role in stimulating ovulation.