What is the primary function of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

The primary function of the ovaries in the female reproductive system is producing eggs and hormones. The ovaries are responsible for the generation of oocytes, which are the eggs needed for reproduction. Each month during the menstrual cycle, typically one ovary releases a mature egg in a process known as ovulation.

In addition to egg production, the ovaries play a crucial role in hormone secretion. They produce significant amounts of estrogen and progesterone, which are essential for regulating the menstrual cycle, maintaining pregnancy, and influencing secondary sexual characteristics. These hormonal functions make the ovaries critical not only for reproduction but also for overall health during a woman's reproductive years.

While other functions such as regulating the menstrual cycle and facilitating fertilization are important aspects of the reproductive process, they are secondary to the primary roles of the ovaries in gamete and hormone production. Supporting fetal development occurs in the uterus after fertilization, further distinguishing the distinct roles of each reproductive organ in the female reproductive system.