What is the most common cause of non-congenital malformation deaths in neonates?

The most common cause of non-congenital malformation deaths in neonates is preterm delivery. Premature birth can lead to a range of complications, including respiratory distress syndrome, infections, and other developmental issues. Infants born before 37 weeks of gestation are at a significantly increased risk of mortality compared to those born at term.

Preterm infants may struggle with underdeveloped organs, particularly the lungs, which can lead to hypoxia and difficulties in breathing. Additionally, they often have immature immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections, which can further complicate their health status. The combination of these factors makes preterm delivery a leading cause of neonatal death that is not attributed to congenital malformations.

While infections, birth asphyxia, and congenital anomalies are also significant contributors to neonatal mortality, they typically are considered within broader categories and can often be a consequence of premature delivery. Therefore, acknowledging the impact of preterm delivery underscores its critical role in neonatal care and the importance of addressing factors associated with premature labor and delivery.