What is endometrial hyperplasia and its primary concern?

Endometrial hyperplasia refers to the thickening of the endometrial lining, which is the inner layer of the uterus. This condition arises due to an overgrowth of cells in the endometrium, typically in response to prolonged exposure to estrogen without the balancing effect of progesterone.

The primary concern associated with endometrial hyperplasia is that it can increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer. As the endometrium thickens, particularly in cases of atypical hyperplasia, there is a greater potential for abnormal cells to develop. Understanding this risk is crucial for managing patients with endometrial hyperplasia, as early detection and intervention can significantly reduce the likelihood of progression to cancer.

While excessive menstrual bleeding can be a symptom of endometrial hyperplasia, it is a secondary concern compared to the risk of malignancy. Inflammation of the endometrial lining and the development of ovarian cysts are separate conditions that do not directly define endometrial hyperplasia, as they involve different processes and structures within the reproductive system.