What effect do combined oral contraceptives have on menstrual cycles?

Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are designed to regulate hormonal levels in the body, which helps in establishing a more predictable menstrual cycle. By providing consistent levels of estrogen and progestin, these contraceptives suppress the natural fluctuations of hormones responsible for ovulation and menstruation. As a result, many users experience regular menstrual cycles, characterized by reduced variability in cycle length and flow.

In some cases, COCs may also lead to lighter and less painful periods, and for certain users, menstruation may occur less frequently or even be completely absent during the use of these contraceptives, particularly in continuous use regimens. However, the primary purpose of COCs is to create a more regular cycle, making option B the most accurate representation of their effect on menstrual cycles.