What does the term "cervical cerclage" refer to?

Cervical cerclage refers to a surgical procedure in which a stitch is placed around the cervix to support it and prevent premature opening during pregnancy. This intervention is typically recommended for women who have a history of cervical insufficiency, which can lead to miscarriages or preterm birth. By reinforcing the cervix, cerclage helps maintain the pregnancy until the fetus is mature enough for birth.

The other options describe different procedures. Opening the cervix during labor is part of the delivery process but not related to cerclage. Inducing labor is a separate medical intervention to initiate contractions and is not the purpose of cerclage. A diagnostic test for cervical cancer, such as a Pap smear, also does not pertain to the definition of cerclage. Thus, the correct answer accurately captures the function and purpose of cervical cerclage in reproductive health.