What does FSH stand for, and what is its primary role in the body?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a crucial hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Its primary role in the body encompasses several functions related to reproduction. In women, FSH is essential for the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, which contain the eggs. This process is vital for ovulation and subsequent fertility. In men, FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the testes, which are responsible for the production of sperm.

By promoting the growth of ovarian follicles and supporting sperm production, FSH plays a central role in the reproductive processes of both sexes. This dual functionality is why the answer that highlights FSH's role in stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles and sperm production is accurate and reflects the hormone's significance in human biology. Other choices may focus on specific aspects of FSH’s function but do not encompass its broader, more significant roles in fertility and reproduction.