Name a common method for evaluating the patency of the fallopian tubes.

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a well-established method for evaluating the patency of the fallopian tubes. During this procedure, a contrast dye is injected into the uterine cavity through the cervix, allowing for the visualization of the uterus and the fallopian tubes via X-ray imaging. If the dye flows freely through the tubes, it indicates that they are open (patent). This method is especially useful in the workup for infertility, as it can uncover blockages that may impede the passage of sperm or eggs.

In contrast, laparoscopy is a surgical procedure that can examine the reproductive organs directly, but it's not primarily used for assessing tubal patency—instead, it provides a more comprehensive view of the pelvic anatomy and can also identify conditions like endometriosis or adhesions. Ultrasound is often used for various reproductive assessments, but it does not directly evaluate the patency of the fallopian tubes; it can provide information on the ovarian follicles and uterine structure instead. Fertility awareness methods focus on tracking ovulation and understanding one's fertility cycle, and they do not involve direct evaluation of the fallopian tubes or their patency.